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institute_lorentz:gnulinux_workstations [2018/01/29 13:17] – [The shell interpreter] lenocil | institute_lorentz:gnulinux_workstations [2024/03/29 20:44] (current) – [Help] jansen | ||
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====== GNU/Linux Workstations ====== | ====== GNU/Linux Workstations ====== | ||
- | The standard Lorentz Institute workstation runs the GNU/Linux operating system | + | The standard Lorentz Institute workstation runs the [[https:// |
- | are configured | + | are configured |
- | You are allowed to install and/or build packages locally (directories to which you have access), but for system-wide installations you must file a request through our [[https:// | + | You are allowed to install and/or build packages locally (directories to which you have writing |
- | Although the workstations might differ in their hardware specifications, | + | We perform upgrades of the operating system of all workstations once a year usually starting in December. This is crucial for both security and latest software availability. |
- | you can access | + | |
+ | Although the workstations might differ in their hardware specifications, | ||
+ | you can access | ||
not accessible, such as in the event of a network disruption. | not accessible, such as in the event of a network disruption. | ||
- | ===== The home disk ===== | + | ===== Home disk ===== |
- | The home disk is `automounted' | + | |
- | < | + | ^Mount Point^ User Space^ Redundancy^Notes^ |
- | $ df /home | + | |/home| /home/<username>| RAID, 12:00 PM Daily Snapshots with 7 day expiration |NFS, automounted, |
- | Filesystem | + | |
- | home:/ | + | Each user has an **__allocated quota__** on the home disk depending on their role within the Lorentz Institute. The standard quota is 4GB, nonetheless it is possible to request extra space. To check your home disk usage type '' |
- | </code> | + | |
- | Each user has an **__allocated quota__** on the home disk depending on their role within the Lorentz Institute. The standard quota is 4GB, nonetheless it is possible to request extra space. To check your quota settings | + | We advise |
- | < | + | |
- | $ quota -s | + | |
- | Disk quotas for user xxxxxx (uid 999x99): | + | |
- | | + | |
- | home:/export/home | + | |
- | 12344K | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | :!: TIP: Regularly check that you are below your assigned quota. Your workstation will stop working correctly if softwares cannot write temporary | + | |
- | To compile a list of the ten largest files in a directory execute | ||
- | < | ||
- | du -h / | ||
- | </ | ||
- | Then clean up responsibly. | ||
==== Home disk data availability ==== | ==== Home disk data availability ==== | ||
- | The IL home directories are hosted on a iSCSI array of disks arranged in a RAID | + | The Lorentz Institute |
- | configuration. Automatic snapshots (a sort of incremental backup) of the whole home disk are performed __everyday at midnight__. The total number of snapshots stored on our system at any time is __16 snapshots__. In | + | configuration. Automatic snapshots (a sort of incremental backup) of the whole home disk are performed __everyday at around 12:00 PM__. Each snapshot has a 7-day expiration and as such the total number of snapshots stored on our system at any time is __7__. |
- | other words, we should be able to revert to a version of your files that is 16 days old. | + | ===== Data disks ===== |
- | ===== Local disks ===== | + | Each workstation could have one or more local disks to offer large-data |
- | Each workstation could have one or more local hard disks among which one is used to host the operating system files. | + | |
- | The remaining space can be used to store relatively | + | |
- | mount points /data1, / | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | $ df /data[0-9]* | + | |
- | Filesystem | + | |
- | / | + | |
- | / | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | In most cases, but not always, /data2 is configured as the mount point of a RAID[1|5] stack, meaning that data in it have a certain level of redundancy which can protect against disk failures. Note however, that storing all | + | |
- | To check if any of your workstation' | + | ^Mount Point^ User Space^ Redundancy^Notes^ |
- | < | + | |/data[1,..,n]| /data[1,..,n]| None or RAID. Backups are your resposibility |Local, no quota, mounted at boot| |
- | $ cat /proc/mdstat | + | |/ |
- | Personalities : [raid1] | + | |
- | md127 : active raid1 sdd[2] sdc[0] | + | |
- | | + | |
- | bitmap: 0/15 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk | + | |
- | unused devices: < | + | In most cases, **but not always**, /data2 is configured as the mount point of a RAID[1|5] stack, meaning that data in it have a certain level of redundancy which can protect against disk failures. Note however, that storing all data on /data2 in RAID configuration will still not prevent data loss if all disks in the array `die', |
- | </ | + | To check if any of your workstation' |
- | The example above shows that two disks are arranged | + | |
- | :!: The backup of any of the data you might have on the ''/ | + | Note that in the table above < |
- | ===== The shell interpreter ===== | + | ===== Data storage disk ===== |
- | The Lorentz workstations come with a set of pre-installed shell interpreters. Your login shell can be chosen upon registration of your Lorentz account (HL 409b). Alternatively, | + | |
- | shell interpreter at any time by just invoking | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | csh | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | or change your default interpreter by invoking '' | + | |
- | ===== Access to other workstation disks ===== | + | |
- | Partitions named data// | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | / | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | Note that in the example | + | |
- | TIP: The `mounting' | + | |
- | ===== Compilers and libraries | + | |
- | A variety of compilers and libraries are available on your workstation. Please refer to the following manual [[linux: | + | |
- | Here we only give a summary of useful commands. | + | Our data-storage disk can be accessed according to the following schema |
- | < | + | |
- | # shows which environment modules are available | + | |
- | module avail | + | |
- | # load module | + | |
- | module load < | + | |
- | # unload module | + | |
- | module unload < | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | NOTE: If [[linux: | + | ^Mount Point^ Total Size ^ Redundancy ^ Notes ^ |
+ | |/ | ||
+ | |[[institute_lorentz: | ||
+ | |||
+ | If you work on [[institute_lorentz: | ||
+ | ===== Shell interpreters ===== | ||
+ | The Lorentz Institute workstations come with a set of pre-installed shell interpreters. Your login shell can be chosen upon registration of your Lorentz account (HL 409b) otherwise it will default to '' | ||
+ | shell interpreter at any time by just invoking | ||
+ | |||
+ | If you want to change your default interpreter use '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Available software ===== | ||
+ | A variety of softwares are available on your workstation. Some software is installed locally on your workstation others are provided | ||
+ | remotely in the form of //modules// from our software disk either via the [[linux: | ||
+ | |||
+ | While locally installed softwares can be launched directly because already loaded in your environment, | ||
+ | For more information consult | ||
+ | |||
+ | :!: If [[linux: | ||
===== Help ===== | ===== Help ===== | ||
- | Should you need assistance operating your workstation, | + | Should you need assistance operating your workstation, |
- | Comments and suggestions to improve this guide are welcome. | + | |